Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects approximately 5-10% of women. PCOS is characterized by three main features:
- Irregular or missed menstrual cycles - Women with PCOS often have infrequent, irregular, or prolonged menstrual periods due to lack of ovulation. Some women do not get their period at all for months at a time.
- Excess androgen levels - Women with PCOS tend to have higher than normal levels of male hormones like testosterone. This can lead to symptoms like facial hair growth, acne, and thinning hair.
- Polycystic ovaries - PCOS causes the ovaries to develop many small cysts along the outer edges. This gives the ovaries a characteristic "string of pearls" appearance on ultrasound.
Some other common PCOS symptoms are:
- Weight gain and obesity
- Darkening skin patches
- Skin tags
- Infertility or difficulty getting pregnant
What causes PCOS? The exact cause is unknown but research shows that genetics plays a major role. Insulin resistance also contributes significantly to PCOS in many women.
How is PCOS diagnosed? To be diagnosed with PCOS, a woman must meet at least two of the following three criteria:
- Irregular or absent menstrual cycles
- High levels of male hormones (androgen excess)
- Polycystic ovaries on ultrasound
Blood tests can help confirm the diagnosis by checking
hormone levels, like testosterone, andrule out other possible causes for the symptoms.
Is there a cure for PCOS? Currently there is no cure for PCOS. But the good news is that symptoms can be managed with lifestyle changes and medications:
- Weight loss - Losing just 5-10% body weight can help restore regular menstrual cycles and ovulation.
- Healthy diet - Choosing low glycemic index foods can improve insulin sensitivity.
- Exercise - Being physically active for 30 minutes a day can aid weight loss efforts.
- Medications - Birth control pills, metformin, and fertility drugs may be prescribed to regulate cycles.
"The knowledgeable staff at Balance Hormone Clinic can provide compassionate care and develop an individualized treatment plan to help women suffering from PCOS manage their symptoms. Contact us today to schedule a consultation with one of our hormone specialists."
In summary, PCOS is a challenging but manageable hormonal condition affecting many women. Key features are irregular periods, excess androgens, and polycystic ovarian morphology. With proper treatment PCOS symptoms can be reduced and fertility outcomes can drastically improve. There are many resources available, like Balance Hormone Clinic, to support women throughout their PCOS journey.